This paper makes an overall review of Chinese design with the guidance of economic development and industrial policy from 1949 to 2021, and sorts out the design achievements and changes in the three main stages through literature research and data analysis. Mainly through the method of literature research, the content of learning and reference, independent exploration, industrial integration, social contribution, and design talent training of Chinese design in the past 70 years is explored and sorted, with special attention to the characteristics of design under different economic models. The significance lies in strengthening theoretical research and discussion based on local design problems and situations in China, continuously improving the resource integration ability and innovation vitality of interdisciplinary subjects and providing better innovative services.