The Li traditional settlement dwellings in Hainan are the place of survival of the Li ethnic minority in Hainan, and it still retains a strong trace of the original early Li life. From the perspective of the evolution of the "object-ego relationship", this paper explains the inheritance of this cultural lineage, and tries to inherit the "collective unconsciousness" embodied by the Li compatriots in the residential culture from the perspective of the innovative design of the Li settlement dwellings, and explores the contemporary residential design with local adaptability from the perspective of the symbiosis relationship between human and external environment. While circumventing the disorderly transformation of Li rural habitat architecture and the lack of subject awareness at the construction stage, this paper strives to preserve the diversity of Li traditional culture and effectively enhances the cultural identity of the Li people in contemporary times.