In order to adapt the requirements of the renewal and transformation of handcraft knowledge and the cultivation of talents in the 21st century, the knowledge content and teaching mode of cultural popularization handicraft teaching adapted to the modern context are explored. As a cross-disciplinary frontier teaching mode receiving attention in recent years, STEAM education can build a systematic knowledge framework and provide theoretical support for the cultural popularization traditional handicraft teaching in K-12 stage. Therefore, taking the national intangible cultural heritage Xiaoyu bamboo craft originated in Hunan Province as the specific research object, this paper tries to demonstrate the specific path of transforming empirical and tacit handicraft knowledge into STEAM knowledge, and finally designs and generates the handicraft teaching process and mode under the STEAM framework. The research focuses on exploring the feasibility of integrating universal handicraft teaching with modern teaching system, to provide new conceptual design ideas for the modern inheritance and innovative teaching of handicraft culture heritage.