In view of the existing problems in knowledge visualization design (KVD) of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) science popularization, more targeted design strategies are researched to enhance the awareness of TCM knowledge among the general public without medical background, to guide them to live a healthy life and promote TCM culture. The necessities of KVD of TCM science popularization were demonstrated from multiple perspectives. The development line was clarified and the historical characteristics were summarized with specific historical materials to provide reference for the subsequent research on design strategies. A lot of field surveys were conducted to analyze the development current situation and the existing problems were pointed out according to the survey results. Finally, the cases were analyzed in combination with the theories of psychology and communication to induce four design strategies. The four design strategies contribute to improving the effect of science popularization of TCM knowledge among the general public without medical background. KVD of TCM science popularization should be concise, authoritative, accurate and targeted. The importance of hierarchical order and visual flow should not be neglected, and innovation should be integrated to enhance the memory retention rate of the public. The overall style should be coordinated, moderate changes should be integrated into the harmony, and the possibilities to KVD of TCM science popularization brought by technology and media should be actively explored with a development perspective.