制造亲缘——当代艺术设计中的人与动物
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清华大学 人文学院,北京 100089

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国家重点研发计划项目“合成生物学伦理、政策法规框架研究”(2018YFA0902400)


Making Kin: Humans and Animals in Contemporary Art and Design
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School of Humanities, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100089, China

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    摘要:

    聚焦在当代艺术设计中人类与动物关系的复杂性和多样性及其对生命伦理带来的启发。通过探讨艺术设计的创造性活动中的动物角色,分析这些作品如何传达复杂的思想和情感,并研究现代生物技术对艺术创作和生命伦理的影响。首先回顾了20世纪以来动物在艺术设计中的角色变化,从杜尚的现成品到博伊斯的艺术项目,探讨动物在创造性活动中的主体性。其次,通过分析玛雅·斯瑞卡和其他当代艺术家、设计师的作品,讨论作为创造性活动的艺术设计如何“制造亲缘”,呼应了哈拉维关于艺术设计在跨物种关系和物种间伦理学中的观点。进一步通过合成生物学和生物艺术设计的实践,探讨人类与动物关系的新处境。在“设计生命”的理念下,“合成美学”研究项目将艺术家、设计师、合成生物学家和社会科学家汇聚在一起讨论伦理、美学等价值问题何以可能内嵌于合成生物学之中。总之,当代艺术设计中的人类与动物关系已经从传统的象征和材料发展成为探讨人类身份、社会问题、生态危机和生命伦理的重要媒介。合成生物学的发展进一步凸显了人与动物间“亲缘”问题的紧迫性。艺术设计在促进生态意识和跨学科合作中扮演着关键角色,激发人们重新思考人与自然的关系及其责任。

    Abstract:

    This article focuses on the complexity and diversity of human-animal relationships in contemporary art and design, and the insights it provides for bioethics. It explores the role of animals in creative activities within art and design, analyzes how these works convey complex thoughts and emotions, and examines the impact of modern biotechnology on artistic creation and bioethics. The article first reviews role changing of animals in art and design since the 20th century, and explores the subjectivity of animals in creative activities from Duchamp's readymades to Beuys' art projects. It then analyzes the works of Maya Smrekar and others, discusses how art/design as a creative activity can "making kin," which echoes Haraway's significant perspectives on art and design in interspecies relationships and the ethics between species. Particularly, through the practices of synthetic biology and bio-art or bio-design, the article explores new forms of human-animal relationships. Under the concept of "designing life," the "synthetic aesthetics" project brings together artists, designers, synthetic biologists, and social scientists to discuss how ethical, aesthetic, and other value issues can be embedded within synthetic biology. In conclusion, the human-animal relationship in contemporary art and design has evolved from traditional symbols and materials to an important medium for exploring human identity, social issues, and bioethics. The development of synthetic biology further highlights the urgency of the issue of the "kinship" between humans and animals. Art and design play crucial roles in promoting ecological awareness and interdisciplinary cooperation, encouraging people to rethink the relationship between humans and nature and their responsibilities.

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沈聪,胡翌霖.制造亲缘——当代艺术设计中的人与动物[J].工业 工程 设计,2024,6(4):1-8. 复制

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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-18
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-10-09
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